Oral PE History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Oral PE History - Essay Example Cliché thoughts of True Womanhood compelled young ladies like Wendy into a firmly characterized element in which physical movement was considered too hearty an interest for a fragile female and negative meanings of the New Woman who was then compromising this Victorian idea further worked to lessen her accessible choices. To see how this could be along these lines, Wendy Strain’s educational encounters as a youngster experiencing childhood in 1960s rural Detroit will be identified with these social and social ideas. Wendy Strain is a multi year elderly person who spent her adolescence in a suburb of Detroit in a white collar class family unit with goals for enormity. Sticking to the standards of the nobility of a century sooner, her folks firmly clung to the ideas of the True Woman. â€Å"The properties of True Womanhood, by which a lady made a decision about herself and was decided by her significant other, her neighbors and society, could be separated into four cardinal temperances †devotion, virtue, accommodation and family life. Set up them all and they spelled mother, girl, sister, spouse †lady. Without them, regardless of whether there was distinction, accomplishment or riches, everything was remains. With them, she was guaranteed bliss and power† (Welter, 1966: 152). As indicated by Poovey (1988), it was by â€Å"linking profound quality to a figure (logically) insusceptible to the personal circumstance and rivalry vital to monetary achievement, [the cult] saved ideals w ithout repressing productivity† accordingly making an ideal world in which men were allowed to seek after each material interest they wished while ladies were compelled to stay at home and ensure the good and moral estimations of the nuclear family. A lady couldn't take part in serious game under this belief system not just in light of the fact that it was against the idea of the True Woman to take an interest in any action that couldn't be led inside the home, yet in addition since it would have presented this component of rivalry that was limited to the male world. Strain demonstrates

Debating Standardized Tests - Free Essay Example

Some people like them, some people despise them, but ultimately everyone has to take them. These are what schools like to call standardized exams. These end of the year, state-administered exams have been debated since their beginning, and there is good reason for that. Although supporters of standardized tests believe they are an objective measure of student achievement, opponents admit to the overwhelming cons that include educators teaching to the test, the neglection of external factors, and the terrible stress induced from these exams. While proponents of standardized testing make some valid points, the pros do not outweigh the overflowing cons, which is why standardized testing should be eradicated. One of the biggest problems with standardized testing is an issue called teaching to the test. Because teachers are so pressured to have their students earn high marks on these standardized exams, this is leading to declines in teaching higher-order thinking, in the amount of time spent on complex assignments, and in the actual amount of high cognitive content in the curriculum (Procon 4). To counter this, proponents of standardized exams defend teaching to the test by deeming it an effective method, as it focuses on essential content and skills and at the same time eliminates time-wasting activities that dont produce learning gains. However, to say that standardized tests eliminate time-wasting activities is simply not valid. Are creative assignments and projects considered time-wasting activities? How about higher-order thinking and high-cognitive content? (Redel 2). Even if teachers were to cover the subject matter perfectly as required by the standards, something has to lose out. Sure, the students might master the material on which they are to be tested, but if that means forfeiting more time spent on encouraging creativity and deeper analysis, are these exams worth it? Another problem with standardized testing is that these so called accurate evaluation tests do not consider external factors which could affect a students performance. On the other hand, groups supporting standardized testing feel that these exams are an efficient and accurate way of assessing a students work. But what if a student is undergoing a lot of stress or is having family issues? Students can quickly and easily become overwhelmed with anxiety a bad test score may mean missing out on admission to the college of their choice or even being held back (Meador 1). Supporters of standardardized testing seem to conveniently overlook that cultural factors, unfamiliarity with testing methods, test anxiety, and illness can wreak havoc with how well a student performs (Nixon 2). Every persons story is different, and no one can or should assume to know ones personal situation. There are too many contributing components in students that can cause ineffectual results, deeming standardized testing imperfect to say the least. Just as everyones life story is unique, so too is everyones way of thinking. For this reason, standardized testing is inadequate as an educational evaluation and assessment tool. Rather, it encourages a simplistic way of thinking, where there are only correct and wrong answers (Tabner 1). For example, what if the test only consists of multiple choice, but the student excels far greater at short answer questions? What if the test contains only true and false type questions, but the student does not perceive the world as simply black and white (Nixon 2). The reality is that high test scores could simply mean a student excels at memorization and multiple choice test taking. While it is easy to assume that students who score high in any particular subject are thereby good at processing information and reasoning abstractly, that is not always the case. Another problem with standardized tests is that they prevent students to prepare for a rewarding adult life. While it is true that with these tests, students can get better at taking tests and developing certain skills, what about real life skills such as understanding the economy and being able to make daily decisions? Instead, students learn to decide which bubble to fill. Real life questions do not have merely four cut and dry multiple choice options from which to choose. Life is about making critical decisions, learning about the path you wish to take to find the correct answer, and traveling down that path (Meador 2). For instance, a hospital administrator is not going to ask a surgeon how to do an operation because the hospital administrator is going to expect him or her to actually do it (Erdberg 2). Furthermore, when someone crams the night before an exam trying to remember information like dates or vocabulary terms just to get an A on a test, the information will most likely end up being forgotten the following day. Conversely, when students actually learn how to take the knowledge they have learned and apply it to real world situations, they are much more likely to remember it. (Redel 1). Standardized exams may successfully test a students knowledge in the moment for purely regurgitated facts, but if these tests do not prepare a student for life after they walk out of those school doors, it begs the question if there is ultimately a practical purpose. This is a topic that relates to me personally in a multitude of ways. These standardized tests give me tremendous stress and anxiety, causing me to do worse on the test. I am smarter than my score leads the outside world to perceive, but standardized exams do not accurately project my learning capabilities. This could cause me to be put into classes that are below my intelligence level, which can be viewed as subpar to my parents, colleges, and, most importantly, be the wrong class for myself. Instead, I feel that there should be more than one test to determine a students intelligence. Alternatively, I suggest that schools give multiple tests on fewer subjects at a time throughout the year, which can help reduce stress and more accurately represent a students capabilities. Having multiple tests throughout the year to demonstrate ones strength instead of having to cram all the information learned the whole year onto one test can more wholesomely portray a students proficiency with eac h subject. A major issue with standardized tests is that they fail to reveal other amazing talents that I have. Students: Do these test results contain factors such as your funny personality or your abilities to work with others? Admission Officers: Would you rather have someone who is a perfect test-taker, but is not good at working together with others on a big project? Well, if you ask me, I would rather a person with a goal-oriented and determined personality who works well with peers. That is who I am and would hope others would value me for. These tests are like one piece of a puzzle. It shows only one tiny corner of the image, but focuses entirely on what I dare to say are the wrong pieces. While the puzzle, admittedly, could not be complete without these pieces, the problem is that these pieces are linked by issues such as teaching to the test, declines in creativity, inclines in stress, and a narrow perception of what a student truly stands for. All the other pieces are equally important and we cannot forget that without them, we can never see the whole picture. Standardized tests only show one piece of me, but I am more than just a letter grade or number on one test.

Analysis of George Washingtons Farewell Address Essay

1 An analysis of George Washington’s Farewell Address shows that there were three points he wanted to stress. The points being his decision not to be considered for a 3rd term, his advice to the country to stand united, and his advice to the future leaders of the country concerning foreign policy. The first point concerning his decision not to be considered for a 3rd term was something that Washington had given a lot of thought to and had even decided to do before the beginning of his 2nd term. He had even gone so far as to write a farewell address at the end of what he believe to be his first and only term as President, the reason he accepted the 2nd term was due to the uncertain stability of the young country, the uncertain status of†¦show more content†¦That there were people both domestic and foreign that would try to divide the country so as to make them begin to doubt that the country could prosper, he urged them give it everything they could to stop those who would think to divide what had been created. He also told them that they are all Americans and should stand proud of that fact, that despite small differences they had the same beliefs, principles and goals and that they had gotten them because they had fought together for them and won. Washington then poi nts out that no one part of the country can survive without the rest and that each region of the country needs the others; he then gives the example that the North helps the South by supplying them with machines and other materials from its manufacturing industry while the south helps the North by supplying them with crops from its agricultural industry. Likewise the East and West also share the same relationship with the added bonus of the East being able to protect the country from foreign invasion. He then went on to point out how someone might attempt to divide the country by pointing out differences between the different regions, make false claims about what certain parts of the country are after, and used the example of the West and its interests regarding the Mississippi river. Washington then assures the people that the constitution that had been written was a document that was strong and couldShow MoreRelatedAn Analysis of George Washingtons Farewell Address 694 Words   |   3 PagesAn Analysis of George Washingtons Farewell Address Carmen Williams Liberty University: GOVT 200-B102 Professor Edward Soto George Washingtons Farewell Address is one of the most eloquent pieces of literature delivered. Its content and intent constitutes that of a man who was not only prophetic, but a sage. His Farewell Address was printed in the Philadelphia American Daily Advertiser on September 19, 1796. The Address was not merely a statement of resignation, but an open letter of advisementRead MoreGeorge Washington s Farewell Address Essay1258 Words   |  6 PagesChase Williams US History to 1865 Dr. Lisa Crutchfield October 14, 2015 George Washington s Farewell Address, Primary Source Analysis George Washington’s Presidential Farewell Address consisted of three critical elements that were considered vital for the functional survival of the country that had just won its independence. On September 19, 1796, President Washington advised the nation to stand together as one united country, warned the people about the dangers of political parties and heRead MoreWashington s Farewell Address Analysis1375 Words   |  6 Pages Washington’s Farewell Address Analysis Jennifer Trammell GOVT 200 – C04 Instructor Barber Opening statement Washington’s Farewell Address The major document we will be analyzing in this paper is George Washington’s â€Å"Farewell Address†. This was a very important document of its time and in order to analyze it fully it would be helpful to know a little more insight on the writing of and the reason it was written. Who is George Washington? George Washington was born in 1732, he grew upRead MoreAnalysis Of Washington s Farewell Address1656 Words   |  7 PagesAn Analysis of Washington’s Farewell Address in the Face of the Modern Era George Washington’s farewell address, published just prior to his retirement from the presidency in the fall of 1796, has long been esteemed as one of the most crucial documents for the original establishment of American policy in many areas. From setting a precedent for American neutrality during international wars to promoting the stewardship of public credit, Washington’s address has had a great influence on the paths thatRead MoreSummary Of Founding Brothers : The Revolutionary Generation By Joseph J. Ellis1377 Words   |  6 Pagesnot just legendary figures destined for success. Ellis describes the many ongoing motives for the Hamilton-Burr duel, the political ideas and compromises on handling the new nation’s economy, the controversy on the issue of slavery, George Washington’s Farewell Address and his legacy, the collaboration between John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, their political rivalry, and finally their reconciled friendship. The most famous duel in the history of the United States is highlighted and explored in theRead MoreEvaluating Historical Views of Leadership Essay1194 Words   |  5 Pageshigh ground is the most important weapon in breaking the will of the enemy (Stallard, 2013). Sun Tzu (1994) in his work, The Art of War, began his discussion with the value of the moral law (as cited in Stallard, 2013). George Washington (1796) stated in his farewell address as President that religion and morality are indispensable in supporting patriotism (as cited in Stallard, 2013). The guiding principle of military leadership is the respect for human dignity (Mann, 2000). Military leadershipRead MoreSocial Studies Learners Range From Gifted Students Essay1415 Words   |  6 Pagesif the student is in a Special, General or an integrated class, they all have the privilege to learn and find out information that they can relate, define, and learn. â€Å"Social studies learners range from gifted students wh o can read George Washington’s farewell address to struggling readers who have difficulty reading the words to â€Å"America, the Beautiful†(Pg.9) These contexts are something that students need to be exposed too as well understand the concept of it. â€Å"Our role as teachers is to helpRead More George Washington Essay2467 Words   |  10 Pages Washington, George (1732-99), commander in chief of the Continental army during the American Revolution, and later the first president of the United States. He symbolized qualities of discipline, aristocratic duty, military orthodoxy, and persistence in adversity that his contemporaries particularly valued as marks of mature political leadership. Washington was born on February 22, 1732, in Westmoreland County, Virginia, the eldest son of Augustine Washington, a Virginia planter, and Mary BallRead More Robert E. Lee Essay3612 Words   |  15 Pagesartillery strategies. He is a well known author of military history, and works as a weapons evaluator in addition to his writing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Robert E. Lee was born in Stratford, Virginia on January 19, 1807. His father, Henry Lee, had achieved fame with Washingtons army as Lighthorse Harry,and it was a fame that rested not only on his cavalry exploits but upon sound strategic and tactical ability. A significant portion of his fame was credited to him for beating off a surprise British attack at SpreadRead MoreThe United States And Foreign Policy Essay4400 Words   |  18 PagesTherefore it is the purpose of this essay to analysis and examine the Spanish-American War, President Mckinley’s foreign policy, the American public reaction, the aftermath and the European perception of America s rise in international society. Moreover, this essay will attempt to analysis the position of America at war and the transition in international status that came as the result. During the conflict between France and Britain during 1793, President George Washington issued a Proclamation of Neutrality

Homeless Is Not Just About Housing - 1789 Words

Homelessness is situations where by people don’t have a regular dwelling place. The homeless are most often not able to acquire and maintain safe, regular, adequate, and a secure housing or they don’t have a ‘fixed’ regular and adequate residence at night-time. Legally, the definition varies from country to country, or within different jurisdictions in the same region or even country. The term ‘homeless’ may also comprise individuals whose night-time residence is primarily in a warming center, a homeless shelter, a vehicle, a domestic violence shelter, a tent, squatting, tarpaulins, cardboard boxes, or other ad hoc housing situations. Other countries also include people who sleep in a private or public place that is not tailored to be utilized as a regular sleeping accommodation for people. Homeless is a issue because people who are homeless experience a wide range of human rights violations. Access to secure and safe housing is among the basic human rights. Basically, homeless is not just about housing. Fundamentally, it is about lack of connection with family, friends, community, and lack of control over the environment. The homeless may face human right violation to a standard of living that is adequate, the right to liberty and security of the individual, right to education, right to social security, right to privacy, the right to freedom from discrimination, voting right, and many more. Homelessness impacts an individual’s ability to enjoy his/her basic rights andShow MoreRelatedHelping The Homeless - Original Writing1672 Words   |  7 Pagesfamily were driving into the city and we saw a homeless man with a sign that said â€Å"Homeless, please help.† My little brother read the sign and then asked, â€Å"Why can’t we help?† I hadn†™t thought much about helping the homeless before. I usually just glanced at them on the side of the roads and went about my day. But my little brother’s question stayed in my head. I wanted to help. A few months later, my family and I were out in town and we saw a homeless man digging through the garbage, looking for foodRead MoreThe Issue Of Affordable Housing1256 Words   |  6 Pageswas the issue of affordable housing in San Jose. There are nearly 5,000 homeless people in San Jose. There are thousands more on waiting lists for affordable housing, some using more than 50 percent of their daily income for rent, or in danger of losing their homes. Homelessness impacts our community, our environment, and our homeless neighbors. Addressing the issue of homelessness is a constant battle between respecting the rights and also meeting the needs of the homeless individuals. This was continuouslyRead MoreHomelessness : Difficulty Escaping Poverty1321 Words   |  6 PagesArjan Singh Mrs. Woolcock English IV-CP May 19 2016 Homelessness: Difficulty Escaping Poverty A homeless person is someone who lacks housing, including an individual who lives in a supervised public or private facility (What Is the Official Definition of Homelessness?). Being homeless means not having a place to call home, not having a stable income. It is not just individuals that can be homeless. There are millions of families living in poverty and on the streets all around the world, contraryRead MoreHomelessness in American1645 Words   |  7 Pagesincreasing poverty in America, the homeless need our help more than ever. Just last year, the national poverty rate rose to include 13.2 % of the population. Also, 3.5 million people were forced to sleep in parks, shelters, under bridges or in cars. Hunger and homelessness are increasing epidemics plaguing the United States. Because of the high cost of living, high unemployment rates, and low-wage jobs, countless Americans are forced to choose between food, housing, and other expenses. According toRead MoreHomelessness Should Not Be A Pervasive Issue812 Words   |  4 PagesNeubrand Mann English 10 Period 3 11 January 2016 Homeless, Not Hopeless It s now the year 2016; in a modern, industrialized society, homelessness should not be a pervasive issue. Did you know that one out of every 30 children in the United States is homeless? (Crary and Leff). According to the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, otherwise referred to as â€Å"HUD,† chronic homelessness is defined as â€Å"an individual or family who has been homeless for a year† (Mathias). Current statistics showRead MoreHomelessness Is More Than Ruthlessness Essay1206 Words   |  5 PagesHomelessness is about more than ruthlessness. A home is not just a physical space; it also has a legal and a social dimension. A home provides roots, identity, and a sense of belonging and a place of emotional wellbeing. Homelessness is about the loss of all of these. It is an isolating and destructive experience and homeless people are some of the most vulnerable and socially excluded in our society. After years of declining trends, 2010 marked the turning point when all forms of homelessness beganRead MorePermanent Housing For Homeless : Homeless850 Words   |  4 PagesPermanent Housing for Homeless Today, there are many problems that plague the world. And unfortunately, poverty is one of them. Many people chose to ignore this issue, not only on a global scale, but also on a local scale. In suburban areas, homelessness isn t as obvious, but it is still an issue. Just because you do not see as many homeless people on the streets as you do in Chicago, doesn t mean it’s not a problem here in Elgin. There are a couple of shelters in the Elgin area, but they haveRead MoreHomelessness : An Crippled Problem1090 Words   |  5 Pagesin Society In America we have a deliberate problem with just neglecting to deal with serious issues. Why is it that instead of finding a solution to solving homelessness in America, we keep constantly sweeping the problem out of the public’s eye? We act as if this dilemma that affects more than 3.5 million of Americans each year does not matter. This concept boggles my mind to the point of exhaustion, thinking about the way things should be in reality to what they are. Human compassionRead MoreHomelessness Is A Serious Problem1031 Words   |  5 PagesU.S. there are more than 3.5 million people that are homeless sometime during the year. This number is extremely high. We cannot ignore it anymore, and it needs to be reduced. Although we already have homeless shelters, they are not able to get everyone off the streets; thus, it would be better to build small, individual houses for the homeless. Most cities have at least one homeless shelter. However they usually house the homeless â€Å"just during the winter† (â€Å"DC’s plan to end homelessness isRead MoreThe Licking County Coalition For Housing870 Words   |  4 Pageswas an average of about 13,000 homeless people in Ohio and the number has continued to rise since then. Nearly 300 people are homeless in Licking County during any given night.(LCC Housing, 2011) The most outstanding statistic from the Licking County Coalition for Housing in 2011 was that the average age of a homeless person is the age of only nine years old. That means, for every homeless man or women that is seen on the streets, there is two to three children who are also homeless. Families are the

Advantages of Video Games free essay sample

Video games are a favorite past time for kids and adults as well. Video game is gaining popularity by the day. Studies reveal that computer and video games play a vital role in healing and convalescing. Studies also show that the excitement of video games makes playing them addictive. They are not just for entertainment alone, they can aid in education as well. Playing active video games may stop children from becoming obese. Good-quality video games can provide fun and social form of entertainment. They can encourage teamwork and cooperation when played with others.It increases childrens self-confidence and self-esteem as they master games. It develops skills in reading, math, and problem-solving. Playing high-quality video games enhances and boosts the performance of the children. Likewise continuous exposure to violent games can make children aggressive. Now, the gaming industry has begun producing active ‘entertainment’ gaming systems. The world is going berserk over the wide range of video and computer games that are developed and sold everyday. We will write a custom essay sample on Advantages of Video Games or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If you are a game freak then there are comprehensive collections of game portals. While some are downloadable at free of cost, others are not.Most of the highly interactive games are available for purchase. However if you are looking for cheap or discounted prices then coupons are the best way to avail such offers. There is a site that offers coupons and coupon codes from different merchants related to video games. When you visit the site you will find different stores from which you can choose and select the store that interests you and click on the site to get coupons directly from the merchants. The coupons are updated regularly. There are several major gaming online stores on this site. Therefore you need not search for different websites for game downloads.You can save time by just visiting this site and get all that you need instantly. There is a lot to save from the coupons that the site offers. You can get great bargain of almost up to 50% off. This would increase your savings and enables you to get additional fun in other form. There are fabulous special discount sale events that take place very often. Thus there are best deals always. Check for coupons and discounts regularly and take advantage of them. There are special exciting gaming packages for kids that are meant not just for fun but also help in form of educating them.

The evolution of McGregors Theory X and Theory Y in relation to the development of management theory

Introduction New challenges were created in the 19th century due to the emergence of the industrial revolution. Among these challenges was the need to increase the effectiveness of the workforce. Therefore, creative thinkers in the early ages suggested theories that they believed if applied would result in higher management efficiency. Such theories were based on the fundamental belief that employees should be actively supervised and monitored (Gurey Junnark 2008).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The evolution of McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y in relation to the development of management theory specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, Douglas McGregor challenged this notion through his extensive work where he established two theories that defined the assumption held about employees’ attitude towards work. These assumptions automatically influenced the workers productivity (Kopelman, Prottas, Dav is 2008; Tatham, Waldaman Bennis 2010). It is therefore important to examine them in order to determine if they are practical or not, especially in the 21st Century. Theory X and Theory Y Douglas McGregor, a prominent figure in the evolution of management theory, made significant contribution in behavioural theory. In 1960 he suggested a radical change in the belief and perception managers had about their employees (Kopelman, Prottas Davis 2008). Whereas the previous theories had suggested the need for employees to be controlled and guided authoritatively, McGregor thought otherwise. He outlined that managers should instead adopt a motivator and role model approach hence moulding the desired employee behaviour (Tatham, Waldaman Bennis 2010). Unfortunately, He established that most managers perceive their employees negatively; He categorized this kind of assumption under Theory X (classical system theory). Manager ascribing to this assumption generally believe that most employees, despise work, are automatically lazy and hence unproductive (Kopelman, Prottas Davis 2008; Stohl 2008; Tatham, Waldaman Bennis 2010). As opposed to these assumptions, McGregor believed that the general intention of most employees is to be more productive. This assumption commonly referred to as theory Y (human relation) contradicted theory X notion; employees inherently hate working (Stohl 2008). Conventional view or what is referred as theory X exposed the underlying assumptions that surrounded the scientific era which the management practiced at the time, was evolving from. Here, effective management included harnessing the power of human labour to achieve organizational effectiveness.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The manager could achieve this through effectively; organizing all elements of production. Such elements included natural resources, machinery and equipmen t, money, people among others. Very important to note is that the process of managing people involved keenly directing and controlling their efforts and actions to suit the organization’s needs (Gurey Junnark 2008). According to this theory, failure to intervene constantly would result in undesirable outcome. This is because; workers here are viewed as lazy, irresponsible, un-ambitious and self-centred (Kopelman, Prottas Davis 2008). Due to this nature they may be passive and at times resistant to any initiative directed towards achieving organizational goals (Stohl 2008). Therefore managers could adopt the use of rewards and punishment to mould the appropriate behaviour. McGregor study (cited in Stohl 2008) established management practice and policies at the time reflected these assumptions, and as mentioned earlier, employees acted in the expected undesirable manner. The natural response of managers was to be more stringent and consequently the employees reacted to it, re sulting in a viscous cycle (Gurey Junnark 2008). Therefore, McGregor confirmed that expectations defines and to a great extent, dictates human behaviour. Moreover, he ascertained that the assumptions managers had on their employees would determine how they interacted with them. Only when managers take into consideration human nature would they enjoy effective co-operation resulting in an organizational economic achievement. Therefore he developed theory Y, which was based on the principle that managers are in charge of organizing functions. However, workers do not naturally posses negative attitude towards work, their negative reaction usually result from their past un-favourable experiences with the organization. Hence, managers need not control them actively and influence their actions; instead they need to create conducive working environment. With that in place, people will simply work to satisfy their ego, what Maslow referred as self-actualization (Stohl 2008; Tatham, Waldama n, Bennis 2010) On the other hand, theory X is inapplicable to 21st Century managers. In fact scientific management where most of its assumptions were derived from was phased out as a result of its ineffectiveness. Currently applying it would imply that managers should spend most of their time policing staff. Consequently, no creativity or independence would be expected on the part of the employee. Clearly, this indicates that nobody really would be in charge of adopting innovation or any other initiative that would advance the organization; both the managers and workers would be pre-occupied by routines.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The evolution of McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y in relation to the development of management theory specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Nevertheless, current managers need an intellectual approach, or an effective theory, to guide them through the process. The theory should act as the first step in defining their assumptions and attitude about people. Consequently, they should align this theory with actual actions. Striving to ensure they act in accordance with it. It is at this stage where theory Y becomes effective (Gurey Junnark 2008). Currently organizations need people as much as-or even more than-they need them. Successful organizations like apple Inc, Google among others, can attest to the fact that their employees creativity boosted by the confidence they hold in them, has significantly contributed to their success. To an important extent, managers at such organizations subscribe to Theory Y philosophy and hence encourage employees to apply their skills voluntarily to combat the challenging business environment (Tatham, Waldaman Bennis 2010). Nevertheless, even McGregor (cited in Stohl 2008) acknowledged that this is not an easy route. He emphasised on one to start by examining one’s thought; a step avoided by most managers (Heil, Ben nis and Stephens 2000). Nevertheless they insist that managers should view McGregor’s works as a framework to use for accomplishing their mission. Conclusion The contribution of Douglas McGregor to the management evolution cannot be overlooked. His works suggested new ways which managers could adopt as means of achieving more efficiency. Theory X, which is one of his theories, elaborated the perception managers hold on their subordinates. It was heavily influenced by the scientific management era that the business environment was emerging from. The negative assumptions about workers’ attitude underpinned in this theory are considered self-fulfilling. In addition, managers holding on to this school of thought hinder their employee from becoming creative, innovative and independent, just to mention a few. On the brighter side, McGregor viewed employees more positively. In his suggestion labelled Theory Y he saw employees as generally possessing positive attitude towards work. The negative reaction is usually as a result of the un-conducive working environment, aggravated by poor management practices. By examining McGregor’s work, it becomes apparent theory Y would be the most appropriate for 21st century managers. The success of current organizations will highly depend on how they treat their workforce. Reference List Heil,G, Bennis, W, Stephens, D 2000, Douglas McGregor Revisited: Managing The  Human Side of Enterprise, John Wiley Sons, N. Y.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Gurey, J, Junnark, GM 2008, Management Theory: Contemporary Approach,  McGraw, N.Y. Kopelman, RE, Prottas, DJ Davis, AL 2008, ‘Douglas McGregor’s Theory X and Y: toward a construct-valid measure’, Journal of Managerial Issues, vol. 20, no. 2, Summer, pp. 255-271, retrieved ABI Inform database. Stohl, M 2008, Understanding Management from McGregor View Point, Elsevier, Oxford. Tatham, K, Waldaman, H Bennis 2010, ‘Using Douglas McGregor Theoretical Model to Achieve Management Effectiveness in the 21ST Century’ Academic  leadership Journal, vol.13, no. 12, pp 212-243. 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The Search for Monotheism in the Ancient World essays

The Search for Monotheism in the Ancient World essays As we look back on Early Civilizations and highlight every contribution they have significantly passed on to us, there is one thing that vividly stands out and has had the most lasting impact: religion. In the beginning, the thought of an omniscient, all-powerful God that created life and controlled the universe was irregular and not believable to people. The reason for this pessimism was because the belief in one God could not explain why natural disasters regularly occurred. People did not understand how an omnipotent God could let catastrophic events and terrible occurrences exist, leading them to conclude that a number of gods controlled certain sectors of the globe. They also could not understand why the good suffered and bad prospered. Polytheism, the belief in more than one God, nourished what people wanted to believe and it was the primary form of religion for many years. But more importantly, polytheism provided explanations of the fundamentals for understanding relig ion during the fourth millennium B.C. In this paper, I will compare and contrast the Enuma Elish, Genesis, and Hymns to the Sun and Nile. Each documentation will differ in belief and context because of each cultures concept, locale and source of agriculture, but all found a similar bond in religion: the search for monotheism. In the beginning, the existence of religious documentations was clearly present. With the help of archeologists and anthropologists, we have evidence today that ancient Mesopotamia devised stories of supernatural creations to explain the forces of nature and fundamental elements of science. The ideas and beliefs that the Mesopotamians shared lead one to believe they lived in a simplistic, anarchist society. The religious epic of the New Years Festival that defined their cultural origins was Enuma Elish. The story gives the notion that early religion in the ancient near east concentrated much on subjective folk...